MAGANAR MADELEINE dan uwan ​​William F. Buckley ne a Jaridar Siyasa a Cibiyar Binciken Kasa. Ta fito ne daga Glasgow, Scotland, kuma mawakiya ce da ta sami horo. Wannan labarin game da rikicin lafiyar batsa ya bayyana a cikin fitowar 24 ga Fabrairu 2020 na Mujallar National Review Plus.

Shin ya kamata mu hana hotunan batsa ta yanar gizo? Wannan tambayar tana amfani da Hakki sosai. Yawancin masu sassaucin ra'ayi sun ce a'a, tunda yin hakan zai zama zage zage ga magana da 'yanci. Yawancin ra'ayin mazan jiya na zamantakewa sun ce eh, tunda ba yin hakan zai zama ɓarna ga amfanin gama gari. Dukkan matsayin biyu suna tursasawa, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa basa taimakon farawa. Mafi kyawun wurin da za'a fara shine bincike na likita wanda aka kafa hujja da batsa game da batsa fiye da wata shakka, da yakin neman lafiyar jama'a, kuma sa'an nan siyasa da aka yi niyya. 

Tun daga lokacin da Intanet ta shigo, batsa ya ji daɗin nasara sabili da kiransa “sau uku A” - yana da arha, wadatacce, da ba a sani ba. Kowace shekara, masana'antar batsa ta duniya tana yin biliyoyin daloli daga miliyoyin (yawancin maza) masu amfani. Kasuwanci ne mai kamshi. Wanda a cikin matan wasa ne, maza su ne masu zagi, matasa suna sha'awar abin, kuma an nuna abubuwa da yawa waɗanda ba a ambata ba. Kasancewar hotunan batsa na intanet bai dace da na hayaki ba: Lalacewar tasirinsa mai cutarwa ga jama'a ya isa ya sanya mutane sake tunani, amma da wuya hakan ya aikata. Zai iya zama mafi inganci, to, don cimma burin mabukaci, ta hana yin amfani da batsa ba shi da kyau kuma ba zai dace ba. Amma ta yaya? 

Shan taba

Anan yana da amfani mu tuna yadda canji a cikin jama'a suka sha sigari a Amurka. A cikin shekarun 1870 zuwa 1890, yunkuri ya nemi ya hana shan giya bisa dalilan kyawawan dabi'u. Kuma lokacin da taba sigari ya hau kan wurin a farkon 1900, shugabannin addinai da yawa sun ɗauke su a matsayin mataimaki, wata hanya ce ta shaye-shayen giya da giya. Koyaya, kamar yadda muka sani, ƙoƙarin hana duka barasa da shan sigari a farkon karni na 20 bai yi nasara ba. Haramcin kasar gaba daya ya tsaya ne kawai daga 1920 zuwa 1933. Game da taba sigari, ya zuwa 1953, kashi 47 cikin dari na manya na Amurka (da kuma rabin duk likitocin) suna haskakawa. Shan taba yayi sanyi. Paranoid puritans ba. 

Tabbas, ba kawai masu ilimin halin ɗabi'un suka damu da amfani da taba ba. Tun farkon shekarun 1920, masu ilimin cutar sankara suna ta yin bincike game da hauhawar cutar kansa ta cutar huhu. Kuma har zuwa shekarun 1950s, akwai shaidu da yawa da suka nuna cewa ya zama alaƙa. Ma'aikatar Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a ta Amurka ta sanar da jama'a a cikin 1957 cewa shan taba yana haifar da cutar kansa. Kuma a cikin 1964 wani kwamiti mai ba da shawara na likita na tiyata ya fito da wani mummunan rahoto, wanda aka rufe sosai a cikin kafofin watsa labarai na yau da kullun. Masu rakiyar taba sigari sun kasance a ƙafafunsu na baya. An sami matsalar rashin lafiya. Hujja game da tsari, harajin taba, da kauracewa kasuwanci sun kasance a wurin.

Erectile dysfunction

Kamar dai yadda, a cikin 1920s, wasu masu cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta suna da fargaba game da abin da zai iya kasancewa sanadiyyar cutar kansa ta huhu, a cikin ƙarnin da suka gabata yawan masu ilimin uro sun fara tunanin ko hauhawar samari waɗanda ke fama da matsalar lalata zai iya samun wani abu yi tare da batsa na Intanet.

Yayinda muke shiga 2020, jikin bincike yana da matukar tasiri a gare mu mu tabbatar da hanyar haɗin kai da ke nuni ga rikicin lafiya. Tabbas, a halin yanzu akwai nazarin sama da 40 wanda ke nuna dabi'ar jarabar batsa da hanyar da masu kallo zasu iya haɓaka daga kamanta mai sauƙi zuwa kayan matsananci; 25 karatuttukan da ke gurbata da'awar cewa jarabar batsa kawai suna da wadataccen jima'i mai aiki; Nazarin 35 suna daidaita amfani da batsa tare da lalatawar jima'i da ƙananan tashin hankali (gami da bakwai waɗanda ke nuna dalilai). kuma fiye da karatu 75 da ke haɗu da batsa suna amfani da su don rage gamsuwa ta dangantaka da rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa. Batsa a zahiri tana sa maza marasa ƙarfi. Ka yi tunanin tallar talla, wacce ba ta jama'a ba ta tallata lafiyar jama'a. 

Tsanani

Amsa daga masu sha'awar neman batsa masu sha'awar neman kudi, wanda wasu bata gari masu neman 'yanci ke yi, shi ne cewa irin wadannan karatuttukan kawai suna nuna alaƙa ne, ba dalili ba. Amma kamar yadda Gary Wilson, marubucin littafin Brainka a kan Porn (taƙaitaccen binciken kimiyya na yanzu) kuma wanda ya kafa gidan yanar gizo mai wannan sunan, ya bayyana: “Gaskiyar magana ita ce idan ya zo ga ilimin halayyar ɗan adam da (da yawa) na likitanci, ƙarancin bincike ne ke bayyana sanadin kai tsaye. Misali, dukkan karatu kan alakar da ke tsakanin cutar sankarar huhu da shan taba sigari na da dangantaka - amma sababi da sakamako a bayyane suke ga kowa amma harabar taba. ”

Labarin shan taba sigari a Amurka shine David da Goliath, kuma canjin yanayin hangen nesa ya faɗi fiye da yadda mutane da yawa za su iya yin mafarki. Duk da zauren sigarin na fitar da duk wani kwararre a PR, lauya, likita mai biyan kudi, da kuma "yin nazari" yana iya kokarin kare kanta; duk da ikirarin da ba nasa bane ya sanya sigari “amintacce” tare da tacewa da “ƙasa da tar”. Hakanan, wancan, a cikin 1967, Hukumar Kasuwancin Tarayya ta lura cewa "ba zai yiwu ba ga Amurkawa kusan kowane zamani su guji tallar sigari".

Hakanan duk da cewa, kodayake ana buƙatar masu watsa labarai suyi tallace-tallace na maganin sigari ga kowane tallar sigari da suka watsa, adadin a zahiri shine tallan shan taba sigari ga kowane maganin shan taba. Kuma duk da cewa tsakanin 1940 da 2005, an kashe kusan dala biliyan 250 kan tallar sigari a cikin Amurka - duk da hakan, yawan shan sigari a tsakanin manya ya ragu da kashi 70 cikin 1964 tunda rahoton babban likitan ya fito a shekarar XNUMX. 

NoFap

Babban Taba ya ɓace saboda yana musun kimiyya, yana haifar da matsalar kiwon lafiya da tsadar rayuwa. Babban batsa yana bin hanya ɗaya. Yana da aiki sosai wajen yin binciken kansa game da jima'i da kuma yin alkawarin "batsa mai da'a." Amma a waje da Twittersphere da duniyar masu ra'ayin mazan-jiya, tsoffin masu amfani ne ke jagorantar juriya. Alexander Rhodes wani Ba'amurke ne ɗan shekara 30 wanda ya kamu da son batsa tun yana ɗan shekara goma sha ɗaya. Bayan ya murmure daga shaye-shayen sa, sai ya kirkiri gidan yanar gizo mai suna NoFap - “wadanda ba na addini ba, masu ilimin kimiyya, wadanda ba na siyasa ba, & na jima'i mai kyau” - ga wadanda ke neman tallafi wajen barin batsa. A kan Reddit, yanzu NoFap yana da mambobi sama da rabin miliyan. 

A bayyane yake, samari da yawa suna fara sha'awar yadda taba al'aura ke taimakawa lalata jima'i na lalata lafiyar su. Wata tattaunawa mai kyau game da NoFap, tsakanin mai rikodin labarai Joe Rogan da ɗan wasa Duncan Trussell, an kalli sau miliyan 2.5 akan YouTube. Tressell ya fara "Bawai ina nufin amfani da shi kamar wani zunubi a kansa ba, kawai ina nufin ne, da kaina, yana jin kadan dissipative lokacin da kuke yin shi da yawa". Rogan ya yarda, ya yarda cewa mutane da yawa sun juya zuwa batsa lokacin da suka ji yin jima'i. "Ina tsammanin akwai wani abu da za a faɗi don gano yadda za a magance wannan makamashi," in ji Trussell, yana tunanin ko akwai wani madadin batsa. Rogan ya ba da shawarar motsa jiki ko dangantaka mai ma'ana. 

Babban batsa a kan kimiyya

Irin wannan juriya ga batsa - sabanin hujjar addini ko akida - ya fi yin barazana ga masu fafutukar batsa. Wataƙila shi ya sa duka Rhodes, wanda ya kafa NoFap, da Wilson, marubucin duniya Brainka a kan Porn, yi iƙirarin cewa sun zama makasudin tashin hankali daga waɗanda ke kan hanyar biyan kuɗi na Big Porn. Fahimtar jama'a game da matsalar rashin lafiya na da muhimmanci. Rhodes a halin yanzu ya kai karar fitaccen dan gwagwarmaya na batsa don cin zarafi. Staci Sprout, wata likita mai lasisi da ke da hannu a cikin NoFap, ta ce tana fargaba “wadannan hare-haren za su haifar da cikakkiyar wakilcin NoFap. "Tana kokarin rufe barace-barace." Ta ce "wannan kusan dala biliyan daya ne, masana'antu da yawa sun zubar da dubun-dubatar mutane da ke ƙoƙarin rayuwa masu batsa na batsa." 

Bai kamata a tsara muhawarar batsa a matsayin mai ra'ayin mazan jiya ba game da masu sassaucin ra'ayi, wata takaddama ta siyasa da masu ɗabi'a ke haifar da ita, amma maimakon Big Porn da kimiyya, rikicin lafiyar jama'a wanda ya haɗu da ayyukan dala biliyan. Rubutawa a cikin mujallar Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Rigakafin, masu bincike sun lura cewa, "ƙara, bincike ya nuna cewa ayyukan da ke da babbar tasiri kan rage shan sigari su ne waɗanda ke canza lamuran zamantakewar jama'a da ƙwarin gwiwa don amfani da taba." Dangane da manufa, wannan na nufin “tsoma bakin da ke tasiri kusan dukkan masu shan sigari akai-akai, kamar ƙarin haraji kan kayayyakin sigari, haramtaccen tallata talla, gargaɗin shirya zane, kamfen ɗin kafofin watsa labarai, da kuma manufofin da ba su da hayaki.” 

Tare da batsa, to, zai zama mai hikima idan aka kalli yanayin adawa da taba sigari kuma, maimakon a kai ga saurin gyara siyasa, yi dogon wasan. Da farko, ilimantar da jama'a game da ilimin batsa. Bayan haka, kuyi aiki da dabaru, tare da kawancen siyasa da na siyasa wanda ba na siyasa ba, don sanya batsa bata dace ba.